sweating sickness

from The Century Dictionary.

• noun Sudor anglicanus, ephemera sudatoria, or ephemera maligna: a febrile epidemic disease, in some places extremely fatal, which made its appearance in England in August, 1485, and at different periods until 1551, and spread extensively on the Continent.

from Wiktionary, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License.

• noun An unidentified, highly virulent disease with aches and sweating, the cause of a series of epidemics in England and Europe between 1485 and 1551.

from WordNet 3.0 Copyright 2006 by Princeton University. All rights reserved.

• noun a disease of cattle (especially calves)
• noun epidemic in the 15th and 16th centuries and characterized by profuse sweating and high mortality